Gibraltar 1
At a Glance
Species: Homo neanderthalensis
Discovered: 1848
By: Lieutenant Edmund Henry Réné Flint
Location: Forbes' Quarry, Gibraltar
Dating: ~50 kya
Significance: The second Neanderthal fossil ever discovered, found even before the fossil after which the species is named. Gibraltar 1 played an important role in recognizing Neanderthals as a distinct form of ancient human.
The Story of Gibraltar 1
Listen to an audio recording of this text.
So, here where we would have the write-up that talks about Gibraltar 1. And a little intro lead in sentence or two.
Setting the Scene
Here we can talk about what life was like at this time in history Writ Large. We can offer a paragraph each to a region of the world: Africa, Asia (South/East), Europe, Americas (North/South), Oceania, and Italy/Sicily. This is my “for fun” project, so I get to be biased toward Italy and Sicily. I’ll want to be sure to include in each paragraph something about major historical events and macro cultural movements. I will include women, indigenous, queer and other marginalized people’s history in each paragraph. Currently, to de-center the U.S. and Europe, I’ve put them in alphabetical order, with the exception of Italy which follows Europe. I will make every effort to keep it to one or two paragraphs, thus it will help me constrain what I conclude.
Africa. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Americas. In this paragraph, I would work to include stuff from the United States, but also Central and South Amerca. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Asia. In this paragraph, I would work to include stuff from South and East Asia. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Europe. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Italy. In this paragraph, I would include things from Italy and Sicily. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Oceania. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
The Story of Discovery
In this section I can talk about the circumstances under which the fossil was discovered. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
The History of Interpretation
Here, I can talk about how it was originally interpreted or what happened to it and how our understanding of the fossil changed in light of new discoveries. The history fo its interpretaion finally landing on neanderthal and why we call them Neanderthals and not capanensis or whatever it would've been. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Excavation History
Here I can talk about when and how the site was discovered, where the discovery fits in with that and then any excavationis since then. I can include institutions, PIs, etc. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Material Culture and Traces of Human Activity
Here is where I can talk about the associated material culture found with the specimen. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Animals and Environment
Here I can talk about the zooarchaeology at the site and what sort of environmental reconstructions have been made about the site and how that may have changed over time. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Ongoing Relevance
This is my concluding section during which I can talk about the impact the fossil had, and why it remains important to our understanding of human evolution today. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque faucibus ex sapien vitae pellentesque sem placerat. In id cursus mi pretium tellus duis convallis. Tempus leo eu aenean sed diam urna tempor. Pulvinar vivamus fringilla lacus nec metus bibendum egestas. Iaculis massa nisl malesuada lacinia integer nunc posuere. Ut hendrerit semper vel class aptent taciti sociosqu. Ad litora torquent per conubia nostra inceptos himenaeos.
Tactile Explorations
[Cross stitch Link here]
Maybe I can also put the image of my finished cross-stitch here as well.
[Coloring Sheet Link here]
Maybe something about the picture credits and licensing here as well as how I created the cross-stitches and coloring pages.
Consider this order:
Image of finished cross-stitch
Cross-stitch download link
Image of coloring sheet
Coloring sheet link
Brief note on image sources & licensing (1–2 sentences)
Following the Fossil
So here I can talk about places you can go to see and learn more about the fossil, museums etc. And, I can also talk about where fossils and collections are generally stored for the fossil and the other related collections like the lithics.
Framing the World
"Mexican Girl Dying" marble sculpture created by American artist Thomas Crawford
I will feature one image of a piece that really appeals to me with a short paragraph description of that piece followed by a short list of other art work simply by title and artist. I will try to remember to include more than paintings, in particular sculpture. I like sculptures.
Title, artist
Title, artist
Title, artist
Title, artist
Title, artist
Voices on the Page
A little introductory paragraph that situates the music in it’s landscape (e.g. romantic, etc). I might include a picture like I did for the art, in which case I will format it similarly.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Shaping Sound
A little introductory paragraph that situates the literature in it’s landscape. I might include a picture like I did for the art, in which case I will format it similarly.
Title, composer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
Title, writer. One sentence blurb.
A World in Motion
This section will simply be a list of events that happened in the year 1848 followed by a sentence describing the event. This means that some of the examples I have here currently will be shifted to the main text. I may include a sentence about the significance of the event as well… so perhaps two sentences. I might divvy these by region. I’ll try to keep it to five events per region.
Africa
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
East Asia
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
South Asia
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
Central and South America
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
United States
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
Europe
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
Italy
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
Oceania
Event
Event
Event
Event
Event
(All the stuff below needs to be sussed)
Realism Movement (1848-1870)
French Revolution of 1848 (February Revolution) in France.
The Seneca Falls Convention (July 19–20, 1848)
The Women’s Rights Movement, 1848–1917
The Pearl Incident (April 15, 1848)
National Convention of Colored Freedmen (September 1848)
California Gold Rush (Beginning Jan 1848)
February 2, 1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
January 12: The Sicilian Revolution
March 23: Start of the First Italian War of Independence
November: Rise of the Roman Republic
The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels
The Tenant of Wildfell Hall by Anne Brontë
Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray
Dombey and Son by Charles Dickens
Mary Barton by Elizabeth Gaskell
"Germania" by Philipp Veit: Painted to hang in St. Paul's Church in Frankfurt during the revolutions, this painting became an iconic symbol of German unity and Romantic nationalism.
“The Winnower" (Un chaneur) by Jean-François Millet: Exhibited at the 1848 Salon, this painting marked a shift toward Realism, highlighting the dignity of rural labor, which was a radical subject at the time.
"The Flight of Madeline and Porphyro" by William Holman Hunt: Exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1848, this work was a foundational piece for the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, which was founded that same year.
"Politics in an Oyster House" by Richard Caton Woodville: This painting captures the era's focus on political unrest, depicting two men intensely discussing the recent revolutions in a genre scene.
"Baronne de Rothschild" by Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres: A notable portrait from 1848 by the master of Neoclassicism, representing the elite, upper-class subjects that contrasted sharply with the emerging Realist movement.
The Storming of Teocalli by Cortez and his Troops by Emanuel Leutze (1848): Although Leutze was German-American, this painting depicts a seminal moment in Mexican history (the Spanish conquest of the Aztec capital) and was created during his artistic prime, often highlighting American and international historical themes.
The Cornell Farm by Edward Hicks (1848): An iconic piece of American folk art, this painting captures the idealized, peaceful pastoral life in Pennsylvania in the mid-19th century, reflecting the American landscape tradition.
Still Life with Fruit and Nuts by Robert Seldon Duncanson (1848): Duncanson was a groundbreaking African American painter, and this work is a key example of his early career, focusing on nature and American domestic landscapes.
The Grand Panorama of a Whaling Voyage 'Round the World (c. 1848): A massive, 1,275-foot-long painting (panorama) created by Benjamin Russell and Caleb Purrington, designed to be displayed in motion. It represents a significant, popular form of 19th-century American "non-elite" visual art.
Politics in an Oyster House by Richard Caton Woodville (1848): Painted by an American artist who, while trained in Europe, captured specific, humorous, and satirical scenes of American urban life, portraying a slice of 1840s Baltimore politics.
Rosa BonheurPloughing in the Nivernais (Labourage nivernais) (Exhibited 1849, sketch/conception 1848): While exhibited at the 1849 Salon, this masterpiece was commissioned in 1848 and reflects the rural, realistic, and democratic spirit of the era. It established Bonheur as a premier animal painter of the 19th century.
Lilly Martin SpencerDomestic Happiness (1848): A key work by one of the most popular American female painters of the mid-19th century. Spencer was known for her depictions of daily life and humor.
Lilly Martin SpencerThe Little Navigator (1848): Another notable work from her crucial career move to New York, highlighting the domestic, intimate, and often sentimental scenes that brought her fame.
Lilly Martin SpencerBuy My Flowers (1848): A significant painting highlighting her skill in capturing everyday scenes, which helped her secure a place in the male-dominated art world of the time.
Rosa BonheurCouching Lion (1848): Reflecting her expertise in animal anatomy, this work reinforces her reputation as an "animalière" (painter of animals) who studied directly from nature.
Liberia declared independence (1847) — shaping West African political futures.
Yucatán Caste War (ongoing in 1848) — Indigenous resistance.
British annexations in India (Doctrine of Lapse) — imperial expansion context.
Qing China in the aftermath of the Opium War — destabilization.
The 1848 annexation of Satara by the British East India Company under the Doctrine of Lapse.
References and Additional Reading
Citation 1
Citation 2
Citation 3
Image Credits
Credit 1
Credit 2
Credit 3